What’s the difference between an IEP and a 504 plan?

As a school psychologist, I often encounter confusion surrounding Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and 504 plans. While both serve to support students with disabilities, they have distinct purposes and provisions.

So let’s take a close look to clarify the differences between an IEP and a 504 plan:

Purpose:

An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is designed specifically for students who require specialized instruction due to a qualifying disability that significantly impacts their educational performance. The primary focus of an IEP is to address the unique learning needs of the student and provide individualized services and supports to facilitate their academic success.

On the other hand, a 504 plan, named after Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, aims to ensure that students with disabilities have equal access to educational opportunities and resources. It provides accommodations and modifications that level the playing field for students with disabilities but does not necessarily involve specialized instruction.

Eligibility Criteria:

To qualify for an Individualized Education Program (IEP), a student must meet the eligibility criteria outlined under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). This involves undergoing a comprehensive evaluation to determine if the student has a disability that adversely affects their educational performance and requires special education services.

In contrast, eligibility for a 504 plan is broader and encompasses any student with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, such as learning, walking, or concentrating. The impairment does not necessarily need to adversely affect academic performance to qualify for a 504 plan.

Services and Supports:

An IEP outlines the specific special education services, accommodations, and modifications that a student will receive to address their unique learning needs. These services are individualized based on the student’s strengths, weaknesses, and goals, and may include specialized instruction, related services (e.g., speech therapy, occupational therapy), and supplementary aids and supports.

A 504 plan provides accommodations and modifications that remove barriers to learning and ensure equal access to educational programs and activities. Examples of accommodations include extended time on tests, preferential seating, use of assistive technology, and modifications to assignments or curriculum.

Review and Revision:

An Individualized Education Program (IEP) undergoes a formal review and revision process at least annually, during which the student’s progress is assessed, goals are evaluated, and any necessary adjustments are made to the plan. Additionally, parents have the right to request an IEP meeting at any time if they have concerns about their child’s educational program.

A 504 plan does not require annual reviews in the same formalized manner as an IEP. However, it should be periodically reviewed to ensure that the accommodations and supports remain appropriate and effective for the student’s needs. Parents, teachers, and other relevant school personnel can collaborate to make adjustments to the 504 plan as needed.

So, while both Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and 504 plans serve to support students with disabilities, they differ in their eligibility criteria, focus, and provisions. Understanding these differences is essential for parents and educators to ensure that students receive the appropriate level of support to thrive academically and beyond. If you have any questions or concerns about your child’s educational plan, don’t hesitate to reach out to your school’s special education team or to the qualified professional Ms at Grounded Roots Family Development Center for guidance.